Learn new terms, translate the text and do the tasks
Lessons 3
Geodesy: definition, classification, problems
- Read and memorize new words and expressions on the text:
measurement and mapping of the surface
external gravity field
engineering sciences
global geodesy
geodetic surveying
plane surveying
to determine
solid terrestrial body
marine geodesy
observed parameters
includes the determination
engineering sciences
may be divided into the areas
studies the figure of the earth
complete external gravity field
define the surface
heavenly bodies.
formulation of the problem
2. Read and translate the text
Geodesy: definition, classification, problems
According to the classical definition geodesy is the science of the measurement and mapping of the earth's surface, it includes the determination of the earth s external gravity, field as well as the surface of the ocean floor. Geodesy may be included in the geosciences, and also in the engineering sciences. It turned in collaboration with other sciences such as selenodesy and planetary geodesy.
Geodesy may be divided into the areas of global geodesy, geodetic surveying, and plane surveying. Global geodesy studies the figure of the earth including the complete external gravity field. A geodetic survey defines the surface of a country by the coordinates of a sufficiently large number of control points. In plane surveying (topographic surveying, cadastral surveying, engineering surveying), the details of the land surface are obtained.
The problem, of geodesy is to determine the figure and the external gravity field of the earth and of the other heavenly bodies. This geodetic problem incorporates a geometric (figure of the earth) and a physical (gravity field) formulation of the problem: both are closely related.
3. Give Ukrainian equivalents to the following words and expressions:
a) measurement and mapping of the surface
b) external gravity field
c) engineering sciences
d) global geodesy
e) geodetic surveying
f) plane surveying
g) to determine
h) solid terrestrial body
i) marine geodesy
j) observed parameters
k) includes the determination
l) engineering sciences
m) may be divided into the areas
n) studies the figure of the earth
- o) complete external gravity field
p) define the surface
q) heavenly bodies.
r) formulation of the problem
4. Complete the sentences:
a) According to the-classical definition geodesy is…
b) Geodesy, may be divided …
c) The problem of geodesy is …
d) The physical surface …
e) The majority of the observed parameters …
f) The body of the earth and its gravity field are …
5. Answer the questions:
a) What is the classical definition of geodesy?
b) What are the areas of geodesy?
c) What is geodesy deal with?
d) What is the physical surface of the earth?
e) How can we form the concern of geodesy?
6. Make up dialogues using the text.